Police Authority vs Individual Rights - 1065 Words

It is easy for police to get caught up in the idea that it is them against the rest of society (Barkan, 2012). Many citizens in today’s democratic society have a negative or fearful view of our law enforcement. Think back to grade school, who was that one kid in class that everyone was annoyed by or despised? Most people would answer the teacher’s pet or the tattletale. We have grown up from a young age to have a negative view towards those that get us into trouble when we think we can get away with something we know is wrong. In the adult world, the police force can equate to those tattletales. The overall basis for a democratic society is freedom. We stress that freedom allows us to be individualistic. Herbert L. Packer, a law†¦show more content†¦Throughout all realms of the criminal justice system, it is hard to use discretion when arresting or prosecuting people. Another difficulty that police in our democratic society face is the discrepancy between their own personal freedoms and upholding the law, their job (Barkan, 2012). Police officers are allowed to think what they want or say how they feel, a right granted to them in the Bill of Rights. However, under the badge, police officers are required and expected to abide by the laws of the United States. Sometimes, the level of authority police hold in this situation can get them into trouble legally. This is what we call police misconduct (Barkan, 2012). One of the most notorious police scandals in history was the LA antigang Rampart Division scandal. In 2000, Rafael Perez, an LA police officer was arr ested for stealing drugs. In exchange for a plea bargain Perez notified authorities of other corruptive instances in the Rampart Division. More than 70 officers were scrutinized for these acts (Barkan, 2012). Overall, it is agreed upon that there needs to be a definite balance between public safety and individual freedom (Barkan, 2012). This balance, which rides on a fine line in our society, is difficult to determine. That is why police, prosecutors, and any members of our criminal justiceShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Liberties Of The United States Essay1513 Words   |  7 PagesCivil liberties is the individual rights and freedoms that government is obliged to protect, normally by not interfering in the exercise of these rights and freedoms. However, over the years the rights for the people have either have become open and free or it has become restrictive. The bill of rights in terms of scope in civil liberties protection has changed by three paths such three paths are increased in authority of federal government, the Supreme court shifted its interpretation of constitutionalRead MoreEssay on The Act of Search and Seizure in the United States978 Words   |  4 Pagesalleged criminals. 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Submarine Escape Procedures Free Essays

Michael Menor Professor Cady English 151 25 February 2013 Submarine Escape Procedures There are many catastrophes that can affect the operation of a submarine; fire and flooding can crimple a submarine completely if either is not resolved quickly. Submariners are trained to combat all forms of fire and flooding in different scenarios that are closely monitored in Submarine School. As a last resort, sailors are also trained in submarine escape in the very rare occasion that they must escape from the ship. We will write a custom essay sample on Submarine Escape Procedures or any similar topic only for you Order Now Submarine escape is only effective at depths less than 600 feet; escape any greater depth would be impossible. Michael Menor deployed with two nuclear fast-attack submarines; the USS Santa Fe and the USS Albuquerque; during his four and a half year enlistment in the United States Navy. He is well versed in submarine escape and hopes that this will give you an understanding on how to escape from the depths of the sea. Every ship is equipped with two escape trunks, or hatches as some may call it; one forward and aft, both of which have similar dimensions and operation procedures. Each trunk is able to hold two escape personnel. The Submarine Escape Immersion Equipment; also known as a SEIE Suit; is a last resort option if a Deep Submergence Rescue Vehicle, or DSRV is unable to save personnel from a disabled submarine. The suit is a single piece construction capable of controlling pressure to prevent decompression sickness, or â€Å"the bends†, which is a side effect of rapidly ascending from ocean depths. Each suit is also equipped with a life boat that is contained within a pouch attached to the left hip. Familiarity with the escape hatch valves is not required; all operations are handled by personnel from within the ship. For the purposes of this procedure we will call these personnel â€Å"Supervisors,† since they are usually experienced supervisory personnel with the knowledge of operating the escape hatch. Depending on where the casualty, is you will always want to choose the escape trunk that is not in the affected compartment. Whether it is flooding in the forward compartment; your escape will be in the aft escape trunk in the Engine Room. The same pplies to a casualty in the aft compartment; your escape will be via the forward escape trunk. During this procedure you will be performing all actions from within the forward escape trunk. On the rare occasion that submarine personnel are not able to stop flooding in the engine room that leaves the ship sinking into the depths, and laid to rest on a sea shelf 500 feet below the surface. You will then need to don a SEIE suit by placing both feet into the suit and taking the zipper, which is placed on the outer side of the left leg and pulling this up until it is at your belly button. As you would put on a coat; place both arms into each sleeve equipped with rubber gloves and flip the hood onto your head. You must then pull on the zipper, which continues upwards centered on your chest, and up to the hood. One common issue that can occur is the zipper getting stuck, or feeling as if it will not budge—remember that it was designed to keep water out of the suit—if this happens you will need to request the assistance of someone else. Now that you have the suit on you will need to make your way to the escape hatch ladder and climb into the 6 foot cylindrical space, which is only designed to hold two escape personnel; the two of you will be standing directly across from each other with your backs against the bulkhead. There is a charging hose attached to the left arm of your suit, attach this hose to the charging manifold on the bulkhead (wall) located to your left; the charging hose will inflate your suit to create a bubble barrier between you and the outside pressures of the ocean. Remember this is your source of oxygen, so continuing to keep the charging hose connected during your time in the escape hatch is crucial. As your suits are being charged please keep your feet away from the lower hatch as the Supervisors begin close and seal it. Once it is confirmed sealed a rush of water will begin to flood the hatch. Due to the buoyancy of your inflated suit you will begin to float; do not let this happen. To prevent this there is a handle to your right that you will be able to use to maintain your grip and keep you anchored safely. Supervisors will then pressurize the hatch to match the outside pressure outside of the hull. The first person that entered hatch will be the first one to escape; once the hatch is clear the second person will wait 30 seconds and follow to prevent getting entangled with one another. Since you are the lucky one to enter first, you will get to escape first. Supervisors will open the upper hatch; continue to maintain your grip until the upper hatch has reached its fully opened and locked position. Supervisors will use a wrench or hammer to knock on the lower hatch three times. This will give you the signal that the upper hatch is clear and you can escape. Release your grip from both the handle and the charging manifold. Allow the suit to take over as its positive buoyancy lifts you out of the hatch and upwards to the surface. The suit is designed to maintain proper atmospheric pressure for your safety during the ascent; as you will be traveling about 30 feet per second. Upon reaching the surface ensure that you are floating on your back, while in this position you need to reach into the pouch on your left hip and remove the life raft; pull on the yellow handle and allow the raft to self-inflate. Once inflated pull yourself onto the raft; during this time you can unzip the hood of your suit. The raft comes equipped with a drogue, water desalination kit, and equipment such as smoke signals, and flares to assist with your rescue. Congratulations on your successful escape; now you will wait for rescue personnel to find you and the others from your ship. At the surface it is highly recommended to regroup with other personnel from the ship and tie your rafts together. This will create a larger object for rescuers to spot during their search. How to cite Submarine Escape Procedures, Essay examples

Promoting Health in Extended Care

Question: Discuss about the Promoting Health in Extended Care. Answer: Introduction: This essay aims to discuss the identified priorities of care in the given case scenario. Out of the five priorities of care, the two selected care priorities are- increased risk of social isolation and medication assessment and management. The discussion regarding the care of the patient in the given case scenario will be based on the processes that will be identified in in the Levett-Jones Clinical Reasoning Cycle or Framework. It will utilize Millers Functional Consequences Theory of Healthy Ageing will as a theoretical scaffold. The confirmation regarding how the patients dignity is maintained through the planning of care and process of provision will be discussed. Additionally, the clients cultural background will be taken into consideration. In the given case scenario, the patient is a 77-year-old widower, named Johann Silvermann. He is suffering from Parkinsons disease and hypothyroidism four years back. His hypothyroidism is now controlled on medication. The patient resides alone in his home having two-storeys and his wife is no more. The couple did not have any children; hence, he lives alone. A brother of the patient lives with his family nearby. The patient does not wish to bother them in his daily life. He has limited sources of income, which can only cover his expenses. The patient felt a minor tremor in his hands, which is aggravating. He is not able to perform the daily tasks difficult for him. He is worried regarding his disease and wonders how he will face the uncertainties in the future. His current medications comprise Entacapone 200 mg q8h., Thyroxine 100 micrograms daily and Carbidopa/Levadopa 25/100 q8h. In the given case scenario, the patient is suffering from Parkinsons disease, in which the nerve cells of the brain become impaired as well as gets degenerated (Liao et al., 2013). The pathogenesis of this disease is unknown. It is chronic and in nature and is progressive, but it does not affect the individuals in the similar way (Peretz et al., 2014). A number of patients become disabled and others experience minor disturbances in motor functions. The physical symptoms of this disease include tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability. The non-motor symptoms of this disease include depression, dysphagia, emotional changes, dysarthria, fragmented sleep, skin problems, constipation or urinary problems (Weerkamp et al., 2014). The discussion of care of the patient will revolve around two care priorities. The first one is Medical assessment and management. In the given case scenario, it utilize the processes recognized in the Levett-Jones Clinical Reasoning Cycle or Framework (Levett-Jones, 2013). The work of clinicians and nurses involves collection of cues, processing the information, and come to an understanding regarding the situation or problem of the patient, plan and implementing interventions, evaluate the outcomes, reflect on and learn from the process. Considering the situation of the patient, he is an elderly individual, who has been diagnosed with Parkinsons disease four years back. The patient was also diagnosed with hypothyroidism, four years back, which is now under control now. In order to collect the cues, the current symptoms of the patient will be observed in which his present symptoms of the disease will be taken into consideration. The minor tremor in his hands is aggravating. He is not able to perform the daily tasks. He has no one to look after him as his wife has expired 12 years back and he has no children. The planning and implementing of the interventions will be based on symptomatic and neuroprotective therapy (Magennis, Lynch Corry, 2014). Its goal is to provide a control associated with the signs and symptoms of this disease for as long as possible whilst reducing the adverse effects (Shin Habermann, 2016). A number of studies have reported that the quality of a patients life deteriorates, if he/she is not provided with an appropriate treatment after the diagnosis (Birren et al., 2013). For the treatment of Parkinson disease, the pharmacologic treatment can be divided into neuroprotective and symptomatic therapy. At present, there is no confirmed treatment disease modifying or neuroprotective therapy (Holwerda et al., 2012). For symptomatic treatment, Levodopa, coupled with Carbidopa, which is a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor, is the gold standard (Magennis, Lynch Corry, 2014). It slows down the decarboxylation of levadopa to dopamine in the systemic circulation and allows for the greater distribution of Levadopa into the central nervous system (Weerkamp et al., 2014). For the motor signs and symptoms, it provides the greatest antiparkinsonian advantage for the motor signs and symptoms, with the smallest number of undesirable consequences in the short term; though, its long-standing utilization is associated with the progression of dyskinesias and motor functions (Eliopoulos, 2013). If dyskinesis and fluctuations become problematic, then it is difficult for res olving. The inhibitors of Monoamine oxidase can be considered for preliminary treatment of early disease. The nurse who is given the work of addressing the needs of the patients with Parkinsons disease is a specialist having an expert knowledge regarding the symptoms and treatment of Parkinsons disease (Vikstrm et al., 2015). The experience of this disease is necessary for providing person-centered care, enabling the patient for identifying the and quickly responding to the symptoms that are changing. This minimizes the risks to the patients and families, and assists in preventing emergency admissions (David et al., 2015). The individuals suffering from Parkinsons disease along with their families value the nurses of Parkinsons because the patients understand the condition or situation (Weerkamp et al., 2014). The nurses understand the complex ways in which Parkinsons affects the individuals (Kogan, Wilber Mosqueda, 2016). The nurses try to make sure that patients dignity is maintained in the course of planning of care and provision. Additionally, they consider the cultural background of the patients. In the working lives of the nurses and other healthcare professionals, they come across a few number of individuals with Parkinsons disease (Steptoe et al., 2013). The nurses play a significant role in providing education to the patients regarding the condition and how the individuals are affected by it and minimizing the risks to the individuals with this condition. The nurses are placed ideally for providing education to the individuals suffering from Parkinsons disease together with their care providers and families (Holwerda et al., 2012). This approach facilitates the individuals in understanding their condition and treatment. It enables self-management and making shared decisions. The nurses come across a variety of settings together with clinics, healthcare centers, hospitals, care homes and the own home of the individuals. An expert support is provided by them and makes sure the continuity of care throughout the journey of the patient from diagnosis to death (Vikstrm et al., 2015). The second priority of care is increased risk of social isolation. Since the patient lives and he does not have a family, there is an increased possibility that his symptoms may deteriorate. In addition, he does not want to bother his brother and his family for carrying out his daily activities. The patient is having an increased risk of being lonely or socially isolated. He is near to his 80s and is a widower. He manages everything on his own, as he does not have any child, who can take care of him. A number of researchers have examined the effect of social isolation on the health consequences (Steptoe et al., 2013). According to their findings, the lack of social contacts poses a strong factor of risk for mortality. In addition, the older adults who live lonely and do not want to have any social contact have an enhanced risk of dying more rapidly. They also are more probable to experience reduced mobility in comparison to the older adults who live with their families and have socia l contacts (Hunter, 2012). Social relationships or associations are essential for the well-being of the humans and are significantly involved in health maintenance. In the older adults, social isolation is a particular problem when reducing economic resources and impairment in the mobility work together to limit societal contacts (Holwerda et al., 2012). The older individuals who are socially isolated possess an increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, infectious illness and mortality. It has also been related with elevated blood pressure and some other associated problems (Rodin, 2014). For the patient in the provided case scenario, Millers Functional Consequences Theory of Healthy Ageing will be utilized as a theoretical scaffold. This theory draws from the other theories, which are relevant to the adults, holistic nursing and ageing (Hunter, 2012). The concepts of nursing domain of the individuals, health, environment, and nursing are associated with the exclusively with respect to the older adults (Eliopoulos, 2013).Functional consequences are the apparent effects of events, changes associated with age and risk factors that persuade the quality of life of activities of the adults on a daily basis. The factors of risk can originate in the surroundings or can arise from psychosocial and physiologic influences (Holwerda et al., 2012).When the functional consequences interfere with the quality of life or level of function of an individual, then they are said to be negative. On the other hand, when thy assist the utmost level of performance together with the smallest amount of dependence, then they are said to be positive. The negative functional consequences characteristically occur due to the combination of alterations that are associated with changes and the factors of risk. They may also result due to the interventions, in the cases, where the interventions become the factor of risk (Rodin, 2014). To conclude, the patient in given case scenario needs to be provided with an appropriate care regarding his Parkinsons disease and his increased risk of social isolation. The nurses should understand the complex ways by which Parkinsons affects the individuals. The nurses should try to make sure that the patients dignity is maintained in the course of the process of care planning and provision For the treatment of Parkinson disease, the planning and implementation of the interventions will be based on symptomatic and neuroprotective therapy. The goal should be to provide a control associated with the signs and symptoms of Parkinsons disease for as long as possible whilst reducing the adverse effects. For dealing with his increased risk of social isolation, the patient should be encouraged to socialize with the other individuals because it will help him to overcome his loneliness and will make him strong in dealing with the situations of life in an efficient manner. References Birren, J. E., Cohen, G. D., Sloane, R. B., Lebowitz, B. D., Deutchman, D. E., Wykle, M., Hooyman, N. R. (Eds.). (2013).Handbook of mental health and aging. Academic Press. Davidson, L., Tondora, J., Miller, R., OConnell, M. J. (2015). Person-centered care. Eliopoulos, C. (2013).Gerontological nursing. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Holwerda, T. J., Beekman, A. T., Deeg, D. J., Stek, M. L., van Tilburg, T. G., Visser, P. J., ... Schoevers, R. A. (2012). Increased risk of mortality associated with social isolation in older men: only when feeling lonely? Results from the Amsterdam Study of the Elderly (AMSTEL).Psychological medicine,42(04), 843-853. Hunter, S. (Ed). (2012). Millers nursing for wellness in older adults. Sydney: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins Kogan, A. C., Wilber, K., Mosqueda, L. (2016). Personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Centered Care for Older Adults with Chronic Conditions and Functional Impairment: A Systematic Literature Review.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,64(1), e1-e7. Levett-Jones, T. (Ed.). (2013). Clinical reasoning: Learning to think like a nurse. Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson. Liao, Y. C., Wu, Y. R., Tsao, L. I., Lin, H. R. (2013). The experiences of Taiwanese older individuals at different stages of Parkinson disease.Journal of Neuroscience Nursing,45(6), 370-377. Magennis, B., Lynch, T., Corry, M. (2014). Current trends in the medical management of Parkinson's disease: implications for nursing practice.British Journal of Neuroscience Nursing,10(2). Peretz, C., Chillag-Talmor, O., Linn, S., Gurevich, T., El-Ad, B., Silverman, B., ... Giladi, N. (2014). Parkinson's disease patients first treated at age 75 years or older: A comparative study.Parkinsonism related disorders,20(1), 69-74. Rodin, J. (2014). Health, control, and aging.Aging and the Psychology of Control, 139-165. Shin, J. Y., Habermann, B. (2016). Nursing Research in Parkinsons Disease From 2006 to 2015 A Systematic Review.Clinical nursing research, 1054773816634912. Steptoe, A., Shankar, A., Demakakos, P., Wardle, J. (2013). Social isolation, loneliness, and all-cause mortality in older men and women.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,110(15), 5797-5801. Vikstrm, S., Sandman, P. O., Stenwall, E., Bostrm, A. M., Saarnio, L., Kindblom, K., ... Borell, L. (2015). A model for implementing guidelines for person-centered care in a nursing home setting.International Psychogeriatrics,27(01), 49-59. Weerkamp, N. J., Tissingh, G., Poels, P. J., Zuidema, S. U., Munneke, M., Koopmans, R. T., Bloem, B. R. (2014). Parkinson disease in long term care facilities: a review of the literature.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association,15(2), 90-94.