Police Authority vs Individual Rights - 1065 Words

It is easy for police to get caught up in the idea that it is them against the rest of society (Barkan, 2012). Many citizens in today’s democratic society have a negative or fearful view of our law enforcement. Think back to grade school, who was that one kid in class that everyone was annoyed by or despised? Most people would answer the teacher’s pet or the tattletale. We have grown up from a young age to have a negative view towards those that get us into trouble when we think we can get away with something we know is wrong. In the adult world, the police force can equate to those tattletales. The overall basis for a democratic society is freedom. We stress that freedom allows us to be individualistic. Herbert L. Packer, a law†¦show more content†¦Throughout all realms of the criminal justice system, it is hard to use discretion when arresting or prosecuting people. Another difficulty that police in our democratic society face is the discrepancy between their own personal freedoms and upholding the law, their job (Barkan, 2012). Police officers are allowed to think what they want or say how they feel, a right granted to them in the Bill of Rights. However, under the badge, police officers are required and expected to abide by the laws of the United States. Sometimes, the level of authority police hold in this situation can get them into trouble legally. This is what we call police misconduct (Barkan, 2012). One of the most notorious police scandals in history was the LA antigang Rampart Division scandal. In 2000, Rafael Perez, an LA police officer was arr ested for stealing drugs. In exchange for a plea bargain Perez notified authorities of other corruptive instances in the Rampart Division. More than 70 officers were scrutinized for these acts (Barkan, 2012). Overall, it is agreed upon that there needs to be a definite balance between public safety and individual freedom (Barkan, 2012). This balance, which rides on a fine line in our society, is difficult to determine. That is why police, prosecutors, and any members of our criminal justiceShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Liberties Of The United States Essay1513 Words   |  7 PagesCivil liberties is the individual rights and freedoms that government is obliged to protect, normally by not interfering in the exercise of these rights and freedoms. However, over the years the rights for the people have either have become open and free or it has become restrictive. The bill of rights in terms of scope in civil liberties protection has changed by three paths such three paths are increased in authority of federal government, the Supreme court shifted its interpretation of constitutionalRead MoreEssay on The Act of Search and Seizure in the United States978 Words   |  4 Pagesalleged criminals. 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Submarine Escape Procedures Free Essays

Michael Menor Professor Cady English 151 25 February 2013 Submarine Escape Procedures There are many catastrophes that can affect the operation of a submarine; fire and flooding can crimple a submarine completely if either is not resolved quickly. Submariners are trained to combat all forms of fire and flooding in different scenarios that are closely monitored in Submarine School. As a last resort, sailors are also trained in submarine escape in the very rare occasion that they must escape from the ship. We will write a custom essay sample on Submarine Escape Procedures or any similar topic only for you Order Now Submarine escape is only effective at depths less than 600 feet; escape any greater depth would be impossible. Michael Menor deployed with two nuclear fast-attack submarines; the USS Santa Fe and the USS Albuquerque; during his four and a half year enlistment in the United States Navy. He is well versed in submarine escape and hopes that this will give you an understanding on how to escape from the depths of the sea. Every ship is equipped with two escape trunks, or hatches as some may call it; one forward and aft, both of which have similar dimensions and operation procedures. Each trunk is able to hold two escape personnel. The Submarine Escape Immersion Equipment; also known as a SEIE Suit; is a last resort option if a Deep Submergence Rescue Vehicle, or DSRV is unable to save personnel from a disabled submarine. The suit is a single piece construction capable of controlling pressure to prevent decompression sickness, or â€Å"the bends†, which is a side effect of rapidly ascending from ocean depths. Each suit is also equipped with a life boat that is contained within a pouch attached to the left hip. Familiarity with the escape hatch valves is not required; all operations are handled by personnel from within the ship. For the purposes of this procedure we will call these personnel â€Å"Supervisors,† since they are usually experienced supervisory personnel with the knowledge of operating the escape hatch. Depending on where the casualty, is you will always want to choose the escape trunk that is not in the affected compartment. Whether it is flooding in the forward compartment; your escape will be in the aft escape trunk in the Engine Room. The same pplies to a casualty in the aft compartment; your escape will be via the forward escape trunk. During this procedure you will be performing all actions from within the forward escape trunk. On the rare occasion that submarine personnel are not able to stop flooding in the engine room that leaves the ship sinking into the depths, and laid to rest on a sea shelf 500 feet below the surface. You will then need to don a SEIE suit by placing both feet into the suit and taking the zipper, which is placed on the outer side of the left leg and pulling this up until it is at your belly button. As you would put on a coat; place both arms into each sleeve equipped with rubber gloves and flip the hood onto your head. You must then pull on the zipper, which continues upwards centered on your chest, and up to the hood. One common issue that can occur is the zipper getting stuck, or feeling as if it will not budge—remember that it was designed to keep water out of the suit—if this happens you will need to request the assistance of someone else. Now that you have the suit on you will need to make your way to the escape hatch ladder and climb into the 6 foot cylindrical space, which is only designed to hold two escape personnel; the two of you will be standing directly across from each other with your backs against the bulkhead. There is a charging hose attached to the left arm of your suit, attach this hose to the charging manifold on the bulkhead (wall) located to your left; the charging hose will inflate your suit to create a bubble barrier between you and the outside pressures of the ocean. Remember this is your source of oxygen, so continuing to keep the charging hose connected during your time in the escape hatch is crucial. As your suits are being charged please keep your feet away from the lower hatch as the Supervisors begin close and seal it. Once it is confirmed sealed a rush of water will begin to flood the hatch. Due to the buoyancy of your inflated suit you will begin to float; do not let this happen. To prevent this there is a handle to your right that you will be able to use to maintain your grip and keep you anchored safely. Supervisors will then pressurize the hatch to match the outside pressure outside of the hull. The first person that entered hatch will be the first one to escape; once the hatch is clear the second person will wait 30 seconds and follow to prevent getting entangled with one another. Since you are the lucky one to enter first, you will get to escape first. Supervisors will open the upper hatch; continue to maintain your grip until the upper hatch has reached its fully opened and locked position. Supervisors will use a wrench or hammer to knock on the lower hatch three times. This will give you the signal that the upper hatch is clear and you can escape. Release your grip from both the handle and the charging manifold. Allow the suit to take over as its positive buoyancy lifts you out of the hatch and upwards to the surface. The suit is designed to maintain proper atmospheric pressure for your safety during the ascent; as you will be traveling about 30 feet per second. Upon reaching the surface ensure that you are floating on your back, while in this position you need to reach into the pouch on your left hip and remove the life raft; pull on the yellow handle and allow the raft to self-inflate. Once inflated pull yourself onto the raft; during this time you can unzip the hood of your suit. The raft comes equipped with a drogue, water desalination kit, and equipment such as smoke signals, and flares to assist with your rescue. Congratulations on your successful escape; now you will wait for rescue personnel to find you and the others from your ship. At the surface it is highly recommended to regroup with other personnel from the ship and tie your rafts together. This will create a larger object for rescuers to spot during their search. How to cite Submarine Escape Procedures, Essay examples

Promoting Health in Extended Care

Question: Discuss about the Promoting Health in Extended Care. Answer: Introduction: This essay aims to discuss the identified priorities of care in the given case scenario. Out of the five priorities of care, the two selected care priorities are- increased risk of social isolation and medication assessment and management. The discussion regarding the care of the patient in the given case scenario will be based on the processes that will be identified in in the Levett-Jones Clinical Reasoning Cycle or Framework. It will utilize Millers Functional Consequences Theory of Healthy Ageing will as a theoretical scaffold. The confirmation regarding how the patients dignity is maintained through the planning of care and process of provision will be discussed. Additionally, the clients cultural background will be taken into consideration. In the given case scenario, the patient is a 77-year-old widower, named Johann Silvermann. He is suffering from Parkinsons disease and hypothyroidism four years back. His hypothyroidism is now controlled on medication. The patient resides alone in his home having two-storeys and his wife is no more. The couple did not have any children; hence, he lives alone. A brother of the patient lives with his family nearby. The patient does not wish to bother them in his daily life. He has limited sources of income, which can only cover his expenses. The patient felt a minor tremor in his hands, which is aggravating. He is not able to perform the daily tasks difficult for him. He is worried regarding his disease and wonders how he will face the uncertainties in the future. His current medications comprise Entacapone 200 mg q8h., Thyroxine 100 micrograms daily and Carbidopa/Levadopa 25/100 q8h. In the given case scenario, the patient is suffering from Parkinsons disease, in which the nerve cells of the brain become impaired as well as gets degenerated (Liao et al., 2013). The pathogenesis of this disease is unknown. It is chronic and in nature and is progressive, but it does not affect the individuals in the similar way (Peretz et al., 2014). A number of patients become disabled and others experience minor disturbances in motor functions. The physical symptoms of this disease include tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability. The non-motor symptoms of this disease include depression, dysphagia, emotional changes, dysarthria, fragmented sleep, skin problems, constipation or urinary problems (Weerkamp et al., 2014). The discussion of care of the patient will revolve around two care priorities. The first one is Medical assessment and management. In the given case scenario, it utilize the processes recognized in the Levett-Jones Clinical Reasoning Cycle or Framework (Levett-Jones, 2013). The work of clinicians and nurses involves collection of cues, processing the information, and come to an understanding regarding the situation or problem of the patient, plan and implementing interventions, evaluate the outcomes, reflect on and learn from the process. Considering the situation of the patient, he is an elderly individual, who has been diagnosed with Parkinsons disease four years back. The patient was also diagnosed with hypothyroidism, four years back, which is now under control now. In order to collect the cues, the current symptoms of the patient will be observed in which his present symptoms of the disease will be taken into consideration. The minor tremor in his hands is aggravating. He is not able to perform the daily tasks. He has no one to look after him as his wife has expired 12 years back and he has no children. The planning and implementing of the interventions will be based on symptomatic and neuroprotective therapy (Magennis, Lynch Corry, 2014). Its goal is to provide a control associated with the signs and symptoms of this disease for as long as possible whilst reducing the adverse effects (Shin Habermann, 2016). A number of studies have reported that the quality of a patients life deteriorates, if he/she is not provided with an appropriate treatment after the diagnosis (Birren et al., 2013). For the treatment of Parkinson disease, the pharmacologic treatment can be divided into neuroprotective and symptomatic therapy. At present, there is no confirmed treatment disease modifying or neuroprotective therapy (Holwerda et al., 2012). For symptomatic treatment, Levodopa, coupled with Carbidopa, which is a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor, is the gold standard (Magennis, Lynch Corry, 2014). It slows down the decarboxylation of levadopa to dopamine in the systemic circulation and allows for the greater distribution of Levadopa into the central nervous system (Weerkamp et al., 2014). For the motor signs and symptoms, it provides the greatest antiparkinsonian advantage for the motor signs and symptoms, with the smallest number of undesirable consequences in the short term; though, its long-standing utilization is associated with the progression of dyskinesias and motor functions (Eliopoulos, 2013). If dyskinesis and fluctuations become problematic, then it is difficult for res olving. The inhibitors of Monoamine oxidase can be considered for preliminary treatment of early disease. The nurse who is given the work of addressing the needs of the patients with Parkinsons disease is a specialist having an expert knowledge regarding the symptoms and treatment of Parkinsons disease (Vikstrm et al., 2015). The experience of this disease is necessary for providing person-centered care, enabling the patient for identifying the and quickly responding to the symptoms that are changing. This minimizes the risks to the patients and families, and assists in preventing emergency admissions (David et al., 2015). The individuals suffering from Parkinsons disease along with their families value the nurses of Parkinsons because the patients understand the condition or situation (Weerkamp et al., 2014). The nurses understand the complex ways in which Parkinsons affects the individuals (Kogan, Wilber Mosqueda, 2016). The nurses try to make sure that patients dignity is maintained in the course of planning of care and provision. Additionally, they consider the cultural background of the patients. In the working lives of the nurses and other healthcare professionals, they come across a few number of individuals with Parkinsons disease (Steptoe et al., 2013). The nurses play a significant role in providing education to the patients regarding the condition and how the individuals are affected by it and minimizing the risks to the individuals with this condition. The nurses are placed ideally for providing education to the individuals suffering from Parkinsons disease together with their care providers and families (Holwerda et al., 2012). This approach facilitates the individuals in understanding their condition and treatment. It enables self-management and making shared decisions. The nurses come across a variety of settings together with clinics, healthcare centers, hospitals, care homes and the own home of the individuals. An expert support is provided by them and makes sure the continuity of care throughout the journey of the patient from diagnosis to death (Vikstrm et al., 2015). The second priority of care is increased risk of social isolation. Since the patient lives and he does not have a family, there is an increased possibility that his symptoms may deteriorate. In addition, he does not want to bother his brother and his family for carrying out his daily activities. The patient is having an increased risk of being lonely or socially isolated. He is near to his 80s and is a widower. He manages everything on his own, as he does not have any child, who can take care of him. A number of researchers have examined the effect of social isolation on the health consequences (Steptoe et al., 2013). According to their findings, the lack of social contacts poses a strong factor of risk for mortality. In addition, the older adults who live lonely and do not want to have any social contact have an enhanced risk of dying more rapidly. They also are more probable to experience reduced mobility in comparison to the older adults who live with their families and have socia l contacts (Hunter, 2012). Social relationships or associations are essential for the well-being of the humans and are significantly involved in health maintenance. In the older adults, social isolation is a particular problem when reducing economic resources and impairment in the mobility work together to limit societal contacts (Holwerda et al., 2012). The older individuals who are socially isolated possess an increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, infectious illness and mortality. It has also been related with elevated blood pressure and some other associated problems (Rodin, 2014). For the patient in the provided case scenario, Millers Functional Consequences Theory of Healthy Ageing will be utilized as a theoretical scaffold. This theory draws from the other theories, which are relevant to the adults, holistic nursing and ageing (Hunter, 2012). The concepts of nursing domain of the individuals, health, environment, and nursing are associated with the exclusively with respect to the older adults (Eliopoulos, 2013).Functional consequences are the apparent effects of events, changes associated with age and risk factors that persuade the quality of life of activities of the adults on a daily basis. The factors of risk can originate in the surroundings or can arise from psychosocial and physiologic influences (Holwerda et al., 2012).When the functional consequences interfere with the quality of life or level of function of an individual, then they are said to be negative. On the other hand, when thy assist the utmost level of performance together with the smallest amount of dependence, then they are said to be positive. The negative functional consequences characteristically occur due to the combination of alterations that are associated with changes and the factors of risk. They may also result due to the interventions, in the cases, where the interventions become the factor of risk (Rodin, 2014). To conclude, the patient in given case scenario needs to be provided with an appropriate care regarding his Parkinsons disease and his increased risk of social isolation. The nurses should understand the complex ways by which Parkinsons affects the individuals. The nurses should try to make sure that the patients dignity is maintained in the course of the process of care planning and provision For the treatment of Parkinson disease, the planning and implementation of the interventions will be based on symptomatic and neuroprotective therapy. The goal should be to provide a control associated with the signs and symptoms of Parkinsons disease for as long as possible whilst reducing the adverse effects. For dealing with his increased risk of social isolation, the patient should be encouraged to socialize with the other individuals because it will help him to overcome his loneliness and will make him strong in dealing with the situations of life in an efficient manner. References Birren, J. E., Cohen, G. D., Sloane, R. B., Lebowitz, B. D., Deutchman, D. E., Wykle, M., Hooyman, N. R. (Eds.). (2013).Handbook of mental health and aging. Academic Press. Davidson, L., Tondora, J., Miller, R., OConnell, M. J. (2015). Person-centered care. Eliopoulos, C. (2013).Gerontological nursing. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Holwerda, T. J., Beekman, A. T., Deeg, D. J., Stek, M. L., van Tilburg, T. G., Visser, P. J., ... Schoevers, R. A. (2012). Increased risk of mortality associated with social isolation in older men: only when feeling lonely? Results from the Amsterdam Study of the Elderly (AMSTEL).Psychological medicine,42(04), 843-853. Hunter, S. (Ed). (2012). Millers nursing for wellness in older adults. Sydney: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins Kogan, A. C., Wilber, K., Mosqueda, L. (2016). Personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Centered Care for Older Adults with Chronic Conditions and Functional Impairment: A Systematic Literature Review.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,64(1), e1-e7. Levett-Jones, T. (Ed.). (2013). Clinical reasoning: Learning to think like a nurse. Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson. Liao, Y. C., Wu, Y. R., Tsao, L. I., Lin, H. R. (2013). The experiences of Taiwanese older individuals at different stages of Parkinson disease.Journal of Neuroscience Nursing,45(6), 370-377. Magennis, B., Lynch, T., Corry, M. (2014). Current trends in the medical management of Parkinson's disease: implications for nursing practice.British Journal of Neuroscience Nursing,10(2). Peretz, C., Chillag-Talmor, O., Linn, S., Gurevich, T., El-Ad, B., Silverman, B., ... Giladi, N. (2014). Parkinson's disease patients first treated at age 75 years or older: A comparative study.Parkinsonism related disorders,20(1), 69-74. Rodin, J. (2014). Health, control, and aging.Aging and the Psychology of Control, 139-165. Shin, J. Y., Habermann, B. (2016). Nursing Research in Parkinsons Disease From 2006 to 2015 A Systematic Review.Clinical nursing research, 1054773816634912. Steptoe, A., Shankar, A., Demakakos, P., Wardle, J. (2013). Social isolation, loneliness, and all-cause mortality in older men and women.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,110(15), 5797-5801. Vikstrm, S., Sandman, P. O., Stenwall, E., Bostrm, A. M., Saarnio, L., Kindblom, K., ... Borell, L. (2015). A model for implementing guidelines for person-centered care in a nursing home setting.International Psychogeriatrics,27(01), 49-59. Weerkamp, N. J., Tissingh, G., Poels, P. J., Zuidema, S. U., Munneke, M., Koopmans, R. T., Bloem, B. R. (2014). Parkinson disease in long term care facilities: a review of the literature.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association,15(2), 90-94.

Media Management A Business Venture Description an Example of the Topic Business Essays by

Media Management: A Business Venture Description by Expert Lillyleona | 14 Dec 2016 Media, as a business sector is a very competitive one, where the name of the game is excellence against excellence. Mediocrity definitely has no room in media, especially in the modern era dictated by the usage of modern technology. While media was previously sub-pided into two main componentsprint & broadcast sub-sectors, today's media has expanded to include electronics. From the simple broadcast group of radio and television, it now includes the Internet as a new medium of communication. This is aside from the rise of advertising and marketing as principal components of media. Need essay sample on "Media Management: A Business Venture Description" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed As a student applying for MBA Program in the Metropolitan College of New York, I plan to develop and work on this course of study according to my understanding and background on the field of media that I acquired through education and experience. I have always been interested in this field since my earlier school days in (country) where I grew up. My passion in the controversial world of media has further developed as I became more exposed to its many challenges and opportunities. My family and friends have also fueled my interest in media. This fascination has influenced my decision to live out my passion and establish a career in media. Experience has also taught me that a great media practitioner essentially needs a great business school such as the Metropolitan College of New York (MCNY) to eventually prosper and meet the challenges of the industry. Realizing this goal requires getting into the MBA Program of the finest media-related business school. Aside from the fact that this school is renowned for producing the respected people in the field of media, I would like to obtain my MBA degree in this school because of the schools efficient curriculum and suitable practical applications of the theories to be learned in the program. Moreover, this college facility can influence me to freely practice the concepts and skills that I will gain and improve. It can also prepare me for the challenges of the fast-paced and competition-driven world of media management. Finally, with the support of the program and the school, a satisfying media management career would become a reality. The MCNY's MBA Program, which is specifically designed to media practitioners, will help graduates on ways how to develop and work on the business venture related to media management. These manners include the foundation, skills, and competencies required to both understand and function within the complex legal, ethical, economic, and social dimensions of media management. Entering into the Program necessitates aspiring students to have previous media, art or media related business knowledge. It would also require students to have a broad information in communication arts; radio; television; film; music; fine arts; gallery and arts administration; museum administration; law; education; business management; marketing; public relations; creative writing; journalism; multimedia; publishing; e-commerce; theater; dance; and opera. I was attracted to three-semester program involves academic study with actual managerial experience. The first semester will make students focus their efforts on creating a comprehensive business plan for a media-related venture designed to satisfy a need, realize an opportunity, or address a challenge within a given media industry. The second one will have students implement aspects of their business plans. In the last semester, students will develop and implement a marketing plan to promote their respective media ventures. Despite the vastness of career options in the field of media, I decided to venture on media management because there will never be a dull moment in this exciting career with its various challenges. Thus, the MBA Program will definitely help me to advance a business project related to media management. Meanwhile, to meet the challenges of the industry, media management should be commercially conscious on the competition. A team of young and aggressive planners need to be on board to give an elbow room into developing new avenues and options. Focusing attention into what the leading competitors are doing may only lead into the production of similar but better products and not new ones which could result in more profits. Just like any other venture, media management requires strict adherence to quality and a high level of consciousness on market demands and trends. To achieve excellence, one must always be on the lookout for possibilities of creating new markets and not merely working on getting a bigger share of an existing market. For instance, if one chooses to venture into the publishing media, he or she should first have a good idea on the existing publications in the area where the same will be circulated. A comprehensive understanding on the quality and styles of existing publications is necessary in order to be able to come up not only with a better version of the existing ones but also a new product distinct from the others. Thus, resourcefulness, creativity, perceptiveness, and insight are highly important in this field, which happen to be my strengths as well. Managing media today also requires public relations, promotions, and advertising if one wants to have his product immediately gain a foothold of the market. Media itself needs to be subjected to PR, promotions, and advertising activities in order to become profitable and, to some extent, be more influential. Another area that needs to be explored in media management is the challenge of installing print or publishing business as the public's medium of choice once again. Admittedly, newspapers and magazines have lost the honor of being the popular choice as sources of information and even entertainment. Over the years, television has become the leading source of information with giant networks such as the CNN, NBC, and BBC doing live and continuous coverage of developing events all over the world. Today, the broadcast medium already provides detailed reports. Finally, the entry of internet medium has caused newspapers to lose a bigger part of the market. People no longer have to wait the following morning to be able to get a clearer idea on a certain event or incident that transpired the day before. The internet now supplies detailed information minutes after an incident or event took place. Thus, in addition to quality packaging and programming, practitioners of Media Management, therefore, should not only be aware of existing trends and competition but must also provide a premium in constantly having or developing a young team with capabilities to come up with new brilliant ideas and products. Works Cited Arya, Narendra. Media Management. New Delhi, Anmol Publications, 2011. When Was the Last Time You Said This? BusinessDictionary.com, www.businessdictionary.com/definition/business-venture.html.

uUban Land Develop. Singapore essays

uUban Land Develop. Singapore essays Urban Land Development In Singapore Singapore is a fascinating country to study regarding its urban land development for a variety of reasons. One main reason is because of its large population relative to the small size of land. Another reason is because of the detailed plan they have established to improve the urban areas, which is almost the whole island. This plan has a detailed goal for the Island with a predicted future population. Also, Singapore urban development has had an emphasis on environmental planning to ensure a healthy future of the country. The island of Singapore is a highly industrialized and urbanized state with a population of 3 million people and a total area of 647 square kilometres (www.sg/flavour/profile.html). This is approximately one fiftieth the size of Vancouver Island with six times the population (cvic.bc.ca/vancouver_island_size.htm). The small size of the Island makes the task of urban planning somewhat less difficult because investment in infrastructure is highly concentrated and therefore not very expensive. However, because of the dense population, urban development is a crucial part of the welfare and future of the Island. Only 5% of the Island remains as forest, which clearly means that the demand for urban planning is quite large (http://65.107.211.208/singapore/geography/geographyov.html). Poorly managing the Islands planning could lead to degradation of the land and inefficient allocation of resources. Singapore has, however, done an extraordinary job of ensuring that these problems do not exi st in the present or the future. In order to accomplish this task the Singapore government has set up the Ministry of National Development (MND). The MND focuses on issues anywhere from affordable public housing to the management of parks and conservation of nature. The subcommittee responsible for the urban development is known as the Urban Redevelopm...

How to Write a Sick Day Email

How to Write a Sick Day Email You woke up feeling wretched. You just can’t go to work. But you also don’t want your boss or coworkers to think you’re slacking off with your feet up, watching The View. The accepted way to communicate the message that you’re staying home is to send an email to your boss. But what to say? First of all, you want to make sure to send your email well advance of your start time, lest it look like you just overslept and could not be bothered coming in late.Then, just follow these 3 simple guidelines.Keep it ShortKeep it lean and mean. And resist the urge to overshare. Your boss does not want to hear the details of your phlegmy cough or stomach flu. A simple â€Å"flu† or â€Å"food poisoning† or even â€Å"migraine headache† will suffice. If you’re taking a mental health or personal day, and your company has a policy allowing for that, you can say, â€Å"I’m taking a sick day to attend to a personal matter.† And leave it at that.Be Clear on Your AvailabilityIt’s important to let your boss know whether she can expect you to check emails while you’re out of the office. If you’re too sick, just add a line making it clear that you will be totally offline (though, do give a phone number at which you can be reached if any emergencies arise). If working remotely is an option for you, just say, â€Å"I’m staying home today, but will be available by email (or will be working remotely).†Make Sure You Have an In-Office CoverIf you have any pressing projects or deadlines, or you serve a crucial role, make sure to name a qualified colleague who clients or coworkers can turn to for guidance instead. Bonus points if you reach out to that person before you give their name to your boss! If you’re working on a team project, consider shooting an email to your other team members, as well, in addition to your supervisor; it’s always nice for them to get the heads up di rectly from you.Finally, If you have it in you and want to avoid the guilt of idleness, spend a half an hour shoring up any loose ends, referring people to other parties, and setting yourself an out-of-office message so people know not to expect a prompt response. Then go right back to bed and get better already!

Personal testimony Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personal testimony - Term Paper Example I am now saved through faith. And this faith I have according to Ephesians 2:8, did not even come from me, it came from God. In retrospect, everything about my salvation, my decision to receive Jesus in my heart, my humility to repent and all that led me to this salvation I now enjoy, all came from God as a gift so I have nothing to boast about. Works are nothing when we do not have Jesus. They do not bring us to heaven as most people think it is the way things work so that they spend much money in doing good things for others. Looking at such a perspective, people who do so are like buying their own salvation, which of course is a futile endeavor. Works matter when Jesus is in a person’s life because works are the manifestations of the fruit of the Spirit of God in man, showing the love of God to all men who are the very reason why Jesus came to this earth. Salvation is a gift, however, a Christian also has the responsibility of working out his salvation as Paul encouraged hi s disciples in Philippi (Philippians 2:12). As a soldier enlists in the Army, he has a responsibility to carry out his duties to be worthy of his profession. No one enlists in the Army and runs away and does whatever he likes to do, otherwise he is not a true soldier. The same is true in Christianity, once a person receives Jesus Christ as his Lord and Savior, a contract is made which is sort of a marriage contract, sealed by the Holy Spirit (Ephesians 1:13). Enlisting in the Christian Army, one expects to be in the battlefield where Satan is the enemy (Matthew 13:39, Luke 10:19, Acts 13:10). The enemy’s job is to steal, kill and to destroy (John 10:10) thus, it is encouraged of the Christian to exercise his faith, waging war against evil and not giving in to it. When temptations come our way, Satan is there to steal our peace, destroy our relationship with God and kill our love to the Lord. The Christian fights by overcoming temptations, silencing the evil whispers of Satan and standing by the Word of God. My Testimony ‘For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, this very popular verse found in the book of John 3:16 seemed to me like just another literary piece of work that Sunday school teachers teach to children to augment one’s appreciation to literature. Growing up in a Christian family; going to church, opening the Bible, singing in the choir and joining other church activities was not at all different to me than what we do in school. They all seemed to me a part of living, a responsibility that I needed to do without truly understanding. 1 Corinthians 13:4-8, another well known verse on love, helped me understand the love of God. Of course it is easy to understand that when I think of God’s love because He is God, I know He is able to be so patient, kind, not keep records of wrongs, to always protect, always hope, always persevere and never fail. It is so easy to say ‘I love you’ to God because everyone in church says so and soon it becomes a fixture, one says the words without even thinking about it. Yet when it comes to my self, I find it so disappointing for me to be unable to love others as I should. 1 John 4:20 slapped me awake to the profound truth that I was a liar, saying I love God when in fact I do not love my fellow men according to the Bible’s definition of love. Getting into a relationship with God, I am able to relate with how I am supposed to live a Christian life through the life of Hosea. Reading the prophet’

Model Location (Jaimaica) Versus Target Location (Cambodia) Research Paper

Model Location (Jaimaica) Versus Target Location (Cambodia) - Research Paper Example This research paper is therefore a correlative study that is seeking to examine the impact that a replication of the Jamaican diarrhea campaign done by the Bill and Medlinda Gates Foundation would have in Cambodia. Background The current issue under discussion is diarrheal diseases. Diarrheal diseases may come in varying forms including cholera and diarrhea (Guerrant, 2006). Characteristically, diarrheal diseases are associated with the passage of loose stool in about three to four times a day (Ribeiro, 2010) worse forms leads to the passage of more loose stools; several times a day. As frequently as a patient passes liquid stool, the higher the patient’s chances of losing a lot of body water and therefore becoming dehydrated. This means that diarrheal diseases do not come alone but come with their own attendant problems. It is not for nothing that the World Health Organization (2009) notes that diarrheal diseases account for the second largest killer disease in children less than five years of age. Further statistics on the diseases from the World Health Organization shows that malnourished children and children with weaker immune systems are the worse affected when it comes to deaths associated with diarrheal diseases. Sadly, these diseases, which are preventable and treatable, kill 1.5 million children every year. This means that children are the worse affected when it comes to diarrheal diseases. As part of the causes of diarrheal diseases, diarrheal diseases actually act as the symptoms of other infections caused by bacteria, virus and other pathogens. The disease causing agents are commonly transmitted through contaminated water (Lo and Walker, 2003). Malnutrition has also been found as a major cause of diarrheal and also increases the risk of an infected person dying (Martin and Blaser, 2006). Funding Foundation (Bill and Medlinda Gates Foundation) The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation have been in the forefront in the fight against diarrheal dise ases in Jamaica for a very long time. The foundation has over the years adapted a two-tier approach in fighting the diseases. These approaches are public advocacy and public action (Santhanakrishnan and Umadevi, 2006). Under the advocacy, the foundation takes conscious steps in educating the populace and masses of people on the causes, treatment and importantly, the prevention of diarrheal diseases. These advocacy programs have been introduced in schools, churches, vocational centers and other public places of interest. The advocacy program has been done for groups in order to help in the easy propagation of the message on the need to keep a clean environment and observe basic healthy eating practices (Woldemicael, 2011). The public action model has also taken the form of realistic clean up exercises among various groups in Jamaica. Funding for the clean up exercises has been done exclusively by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Some of the public fund also goes to the purchase of drugs for infected people. Ultimately, Jamaica was selected because of its past history on diarrheal diseases. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation have actually operated in Jamaica for the past eight years and have successfully completed over seven different schemes on diarrheal dise

Week 3, Learning Team - Aggregate Demand and Supply Models - Economic Critique Essay Example for Free

Week 3, Learning Team Aggregate Demand and Supply Models Economic Critique Essay An Economic Critique of Aggregate Demand and Supply Models The recent fall of the United States economy has created a society of fear, insecurity, and doubtful investors, retirees, and consumers world-wide. Economists from around the world have come together to solve world-wide economic issues and bring stability back to businesses, households, and the government. Economics teaches you how to approach problems; it does not provide what is right or what is wrong, nor does it provide you with a definitive answer. Consistent evaluation of economic factors like unemployment, economic expectations, consumer income, and interest rates, can prove to be highly effective. Unemployment Rate The unemployment rate steadily has declined over the last three years; there was a difference of 1.6% from July 2011 to July 2013. In July 2011 the unemployment rate was at 9% while in July 2013 it was reported at 7.4% so there was a decline of 1.6% (Bureau of Labor Statistics: The Employment Situation, 2013). The unemployment rate lowering over the last three years has been a positive thing for the United States economy because it means more jobs were created in 2013 and thus more people are working. The positive upturn in the unemployment rate would means that the household income has increased and there is more spending money power available. Even though there is some positive feedback in the unemployment rate numbers there are still other issues that affect the economy and still need to be dealt with like the government budget cut, which could produce more businesses taxes. The economy is on a slow but steady up-swing do to job creations, which has caused the unemployment rates t o lower for the last three years. Some job markets have created new jobs like the retail and service market but other have not improved at all like the manufacturing and health care markets. The important thing is that there are more jobs being created and the unemployment rate is lowering. Expectations In the current economy, many Americans are concerned that a rebound is still many years away. The hope and expectation appears to be that a new Presidential administration will help turn the tide on the depressed economy. However, expectations do not appear to be overzealous as Americans still witness home foreclosures, job layoffs, bankruptcies, and an increase in requests for public assistance. The average American still seems to be overwhelmed with these economic issues, whether on a personal basis or among friends and family. There are numerous factors affecting consumer income during the current economic recession. The aggregate demand effects are the Keynes’ interest rate effect and the Mundell-Fleming exchange-rate effect. It is often mentioned that the aggregate demand arch is a sliding slope, since the lesser price levels, a greater amount is required. These factors are the existing factors on aggregate demand and supply. The Obama administration has a few strategies to join our economic growth and our fiscal prospects by stimulating a sound profitable recovery, taking initiative toward bringing down the deficiency and placing a foundation and contain health care costs.  "Experience suggests that the tough choices that are necessary to put the budget into what economists call â€Å"primary balance† – a situation where taxes and expenditures cover each other, excluding interest payments, or what is essentially equivalent, a situation where the debt-to-GDP ratio can stabilize – will require the cooperation of both political parties. Experience suggests that achieving this kind of cooperation will require deliberation outside the immediate cut and thrust of political debate (Reflections on Fiscal Policy and Economic Strategy, 2010). The Keynesian perspective is often focused on immediate results in economic theories. Policies focus on the short-term needs and how economic policies can make instant correction to a nation’s economy. â€Å"Classical economics focuses on creating long-term solutions for economic problems. The effects of inflation, government regulation and taxes can all play an important part in developing clas sical economic theories. Classical economists also take into account the effects of other current policies and how new economic theory will improve or distort the free market environment (Differences Between Classical Keynesian Economics, 2013). Consumer Income As of June 2013, median household incomes were up $598 month-over-month and $960 year-over-year. According to U.S. Department of Commerce (2013), â€Å"wages and salaries, the largest component of personal income, increased 0.5 percent in June after increasing 0.3 percent in May.† Personal expenditure is the vast element to aggregate demand. It is set on a household’s disposable income. There will be a shift to the left on aggregate demand if consumers buy more output at the price level. The current fiscal policy in place as it relates to consumer income states that the government can increase or decrease taxes on household income. An increase in taxes means a decrease in disposable income, because it will take money out of households. The opposite holds true if there is a decrease in taxes, because it will leave households with more money. Disposable income accounts for two-thirds of total demand. Economist had forecast a 0.1% rise, but reports show that spending fell 0.2% in May 2013 when adjusted for inflation. It is suggested that consumers pulled back from spending due to a weak income data. During periods of recession, the Keynesian theory recommends that Congress should increase government spending and decrease taxes to give households more disposable income to purchase more products, simultaneously. Through these methods of fiscal policy, the rise in aggregate demand stimulates businesses to increase production, employ more workers, and increase household incomes, enabling them to buy more. The classical theory concept known as â€Å"free market† requires little to no government intervention. This allows consumers to act in their own self-interest in regards to economic decisions. In the current issues regarding consumer income, Keynesian theory has been proven effective as shown in the increase of income and the shift in aggregate demand. If the current state of the U.S. consumer income remains on course, there should be a steady climb household disposable income. Interest Rates Based on my finding, as an international reporter, it was disclosed that interest rates have been the primary macroeconomic indictor of our economy today. It is an aggregate figure that represents how the present banks and financial sector operate on a national and regional economy level. So what is an interest rate, According to Colander (2010), Chapter 13, â€Å"Interest rates — the prices that are charged or paid for the use of a financial asset —are key variables in the financial sector.† It’s the rate of the cost of borrowing money, which reflects both the supply and demand of United States currency at a particular time. Therefore, after critiquing the current state of the U.S. economy interest rate, it was uncovered that monetary policy plays a major part in the decision making. This is why, According to Colander (2010), Chapter 13, â€Å"Money is a highly liquid financial asset that’s generally accepted in exchange for other goods, is used as a reference in valuing other goods, and can be stored as wealth.† It’s the Federal Reserve that uses the supply of money to regulate the current interest rate, which affects the cost of borrowing money to regulate the economy. According to Colander (2010), Chapter 13, â€Å"Federal Reserve Bank (the Fed) — the U.S. central bank whose liabilities (Federal Reserve notes) serve as cash in the United States.† Therefore, borrowing money is really known as interests’ rate that is set by the Federal Reserve that affects the rates on credit cards and home mortgages. In this current state of the U .S. economy, it has affected the interest rate and the exchanged rate; this is where the Fiscal policy has become a major factor. This policy has macroeconomic implications beyond consumer spending. In fact, when the government runs a deficit, it has to borrow from investors by issuing treasury bonds. Therefore, when the government competes with others borrowers, such as corporation, or consumer saving this will affect the raising of the interest rate. So in result, this policy recommendation should be setting interest rate sufficiently to attract investors and their money, so the government can have the cash to cover the budget deficits. Conclusion In conclusion, the economy plays an important role in all the markets and sectors whether it is with the government, households, or businesses. Each sector or market affects the other since it is a never ending cycle that affects job creation, consumer, and business spending power, and government spending. Economists study to prevent recessions and keep our economy on a positive cycle with continuous growth and spending power. In order to do this, businesses, government, and household need to continue spending to provide jobs for people. The people in turn will continue spending providing more money spending power. The government needs to analyze situations to prevent financial crisis and have ways to strength our economy (Colander, 2010). Everyone needs to play their part for continuous growth and prosperity. References U.S. Department of Commerce. (2013). Personal income and outlays, June 2013. Retrieved from http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/national/pi/pinewsrelease.htm Bureau of Labor Statistics: The Employment Situation. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/empsit.pdf Colander, David. C. (2010). Macroeconomics (8th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. Reflections on Fiscal Policy and Economic Strategy. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/eop/nec/speeches/fiscal-policy-economic-strategy. Differences Between Classical Keynesian Economics. (2013). Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/differences-between-classical-keynesian-economics-3897.html

Persian Gulf War Essay -- essays research papers

The Persian Gulf War all started because of one country’s greed for oil. Iraq accused Kuwait of pumping oil and not sharing the benfits, and Kuwait was pumping more oil than allowed under quotas set by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, it decreased the price of oil, Iraq's main export. Iraq's complaints against Kuwait grew more and more harsh, but they were mostly about money. When Iraqi forces began to assemble near the Kuwaiti border in the summer of 1990, several Arab states tried to intervene the dispute. Kuwait didn’t want to look weak so they didn’t ask for any help from the United States or other non-Arab powers for support. Arab mediators convinced Iraq and Kuwait to negotiate their differences in Saudi Arabia, on August 1, 1990, but that meeting resulted only in charges and countercharges. A second meeting was planned to take place in Baghdad, the Iraqi capital, but Iraq invaded Kuwait the next day, leading some people to think that Ira qi president Saddam Hussein had planned the invasion all along.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Iraqi attack began shortly after midnight on August 2. About 150,000 Iraqi troops, many of them veterans of the Iran-Iraq War, easily overwhelmed the unprepared and inexperienced Kuwaiti forces, which numbered about 20,000. By dawn Iraq had assumed control of Kuwait City, the capital, and was soon in complete control of the country. The United Nation Security Council and the Arab League immediately condemned the Iraqi invasion. Four days later, the Security Council forced an economic restriction on Iraq that forbidden nearly all trades with Iraq. Any armed attempt to roll back the Iraqi invasion depended on Saudi Arabia, which shares a border with Iraq and Kuwait. Saudi Arabia didn’t have the power to fight Iraq alone .So Saudi rulers did eventually open the country to foreign forces, in mainly because they were worried by Iraq's aggressive negotiations also U.S. intelligence reports claimed that Iraqi forces were well positioned for a strike against Sa udi Arabia. Beginning a week after the Iraqi take over of Kuwait and continuing for several months, a large international force called the â€Å"international coalition† gathered in Saudi Arabia. The United States sent more than 400,000 troops, and more than 200,000 additional troops came from Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom, France, Kuwait, Egypt, Syria, Sene... ...ps. The UN continued to maintain most of the economic restriction on Iraq after the war, and several coalition countries enforced other sanctions. The sanctions allowed Iraq to sell limited amounts of oil for food and medicine if it also designated some of the revenue to pay for damages caused by the war. Until December 1996, Iraq rejected this deal as an violation on its power. Hussein also complicated matters by mobilizing forces on the Kuwaiti border in late 1994 and by interfering with the work of UN inspectors. This interference almost led to new military conflict in 1998, but a UN binding agreement allowing the inspectors to resume work averted the immediate crisis. Reports that Iraq was continuing to block inspections prompted the United States and Britain to launch a four-day series of air strikes on Iraqi military and industrial targets in December. In response, Iraq stated that it would no longer comply with UN inspection teams, called for an end to the sanctions, and t hreatened to fire on aircraft patrolling the no-fly zones. Through early 1999, Iraq continued to challenge the patrols, and British and U.S. planes struck Iraqi missile launch sites and other targets.

Fiction Vs. Reality: A comparison of themes in “Tartuffe” and “Candide” Essay

When reading a work of fiction, one has to be aware of different writing styles that will clue you into the information that the author wants one to pick up on. In the works, Moliere’s â€Å"Tartuffe† and Voltaire’s â€Å"Candide† the themes of appearance vs. reality can be found. I will be discussing this theme which is both obvious and subtle depending on the author. I will be discussing the theme of appearance vs. reality. In â€Å"Tartuffe†, the character â€Å"Tartuffe† is touted as a holy zealous man that is supposed to be pious. Tartuffe is actually a master con-artist who gains entree into the household of Orgon by portraying himself as a holy man. Throughout the play Tartuffe first gains permission to marry Orgon’s daughter Marianne, then he proceeds to try and seduce her mother and Orgon’s wife Elmire. This is one of the most obvious scenes in which one can see Tartuffe’s facade being challenged. Elmire: ‘Your declaration is most gallant, Sir, But don’t you think it’s out of character? You’d have done better to restrain your passion and think before you spoke in such a fashion. It ill becomes a pious man like you†¦ ‘ Tartuffe: ‘I may be pious, but I am human too: With your celestial charms before his eyes, a man has not the power to be wise. I know such words sound strangely coming from me, but I’m no angel, nor was meant to be’ (Moliere Act III Sc IV). Tartuffe is trying to gain the affection of Elmire despite the fact that he is betrothed to Marianne. He makes another pass at Elmire again in Act Four. In this scene, Tartuffe is trying to convince Elmire that they can have an affair. Tartuffe uses language and logic that betray that he is not in fact pious at all. Elmire: But how can I consent with your offense to heaven, toward which you feel such reverence? Tartuffe: If heaven is all that holds you back, don’t worry. I can remove that hindrance in a hurry. Nothing of that sort need obstruct our path†¦ Tartuffe: If you’re still troubled, think of things this way: No one shall know our joys, save us alone, and there’s no evil till the act is known; its scandal, Madam, which makes it an offence and it’s no sin to sin in confidence (Moliere Act IV Sc VII). This scene truly un-masks Tartuffe as the false prude he is. In Voltaire’s novel, â€Å"Candide†, there are many examples of appearance vs. reality. The novel begins by describing different philosophical arguments. Candide’s philosophical stance is one that states that everything is the best of all possible worlds. It can be demonstrated, that things could not be other than they are; for everything has been made to serve a purpose, and so nothing is susceptible to improvement (Voltaire 2). This ideology is one that can be inherently deceiving. When Candide and his companions arrive in Lisbon, there is a huge earthquake that kills many people and creates a great deal of damage. Candide and Pangloss attempt to help the people injured during the earthquake, during which Pangloss attempt to tell someone that the earthquake was for the best, but he ends up being taken by the inquisition: ‘For, all this is for the best; for, if there is a volcano at Lisbon, it cannot be anywhere else; for it is impossible that things should not be where they are; for all is well. ‘ A little, dark man, a familiar of the Inquisition, who sat beside him, politely took up the conversation, and said ‘ Apparently, you do not believe in original sin; for, if everything is for the best, there was neither fall nor punishment. ‘ †¦ ‘Your Excellency will pardon me,’ said Pangloss; ‘free-will can exist with absolute necessity; for it was necessary that we should be free; for in short, limited will†¦ ‘ (Voltaire 120). After this scene, Pangloss is to be hanged. This devastates Candide who travels on without him. Much later in the novel, Pangloss re-appears on a slave ship, where Candide is able to purchase his freedom. Candide believed Pangloss to be dead, but he was really alive, suffering in the slave galley the whole time. This type of situation happens many other times in Candide. When Candide and Cacambo decide to fight on the side of the Paraguayan Jesuits, Candide thinks he killed the brother of Cunegonde when they encountered each other. It turns out that Candide just wounded the Baron who was also on the slave ship with Pangloss. The use of reality vs. a fake reality makes a story more interesting and gives it more dimensions. These realities are also subjective realities. In Tartuffe’s case, Dorine and Damis both saw through the monk’s false piety and tried to un-mask him. In Candide the reality exists, but Candide may not have been aware of the actual reality. Bibliography: Voltaire. Candide and Related Texts. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company Inc, 2000. Moliere. Tartuffe and other plays. New York: Penguin Group Inc, 1967.

Reforestation Is Usually To Regenerate Forests Environmental Sciences Essay

If looked at from a long term point of position, re-afforestation is economically good. One of the most obvious benefits is the supply of timber and wood merchandises in the universe. Almost everyone uses wood in some manner every twenty-four hours, and selling lumber creates a great trade of income. Secondary economic benefits from re-afforestation include occupation creative activity in forest direction and increased belongings revenue enhancements on reforested land. Trees, when they decompose, enrich and add foods to the dirt. This increases dirt birthrate and helps hard currency harvests grow, which is a immense benefit for states that rely on their primary sector.AgainstIf looked at from a short term position, re-afforestation is really expensive and would be difficult to transport out in poorer states, where there is barely any money to carry through basic demands, allow entirely excess money to blow on strategies like re-afforestation. There is less land available for agricul tural growing and human activities.Environmental FactorForTrees provide a natural home ground for other life signifiers, as a place and a nutrient beginning. By the procedure of photosynthesis, trees capture and store C dioxide from the ambiance, assisting to cut down measures of this nursery gas and extenuating the effects of clime alteration. Furthermore, by commanding the flow of surface H2O and cut downing the overflow of dirt, trees can besides assist extenuate the effects of utmost conditions events. This reduces the happening of inundations and mudslides, peculiarly in countries susceptible to catastrophes. Trees can besides cut down the hazard of drouths by retaining H2O in the local environment and chilling local temperatures by shadowing the dirt.AgainstPlanting more trees means there will be less land for human activities. Planting unreal trees may intend a drastic alteration of home grounds for specific sets of animate beings and workss. It takes a really long clip for t he trees to turn and bring forth something utile.Positive ImpactsReforestation is the reestablishment or enlargement of a wood which was antecedently destroyed or degraded. The primary end of re-afforestation is normally to renew woods, with the purpose of reconstructing the environmental and economic benefits they provide, but re-afforestation activities can besides supply a wealth of societal benefits every bit good. Woodland provides ecosystems for wildlife, resources for worlds and even modifies the clime. Replanting trees can assist cut down eroding and alimentary depletion, maintaining countries where rain forests grow fertile and cut downing the likeliness of inundations. Reforestation undertakings may besides guarantee the preservation of home grounds for animate beings and workss. Some types of zoology may be utile for nutrient, to better medical scientific discipline or have other possible advantages for society across the Earth. Benefits of re-afforestation undertakings f or those life in deforested countries include increasing the handiness of clean imbibing H2O, nutrient, fuel and building stuffs, every bit good as offering employment, harmonizing to Eden Reforestation Projects.Negative Impacts- Reforestation undertakings can be expensive, and a batch of work, clip and money would be needed if the universe were to works adequate trees to successfully battle their depletion. Eden Reforestation Projects high spots figures from the World Bank released in 2002, which stated that 15 million hectares of forest demands to be planted every twelvemonth at a cost of 20 cents per tree or more after rising prices. It is really clip devouring. Planting trees and waiting for them to really turn may take old ages together. Reforestation policies may be difficult to implement in some countries of the universe. Reforestation as a Solution- Through photosynthesis, trees remove CO2 from the ambiance, therefore re-afforestation can play an of import function in countervailing C emanations. The United Nations ‘ IPCC estimations re-afforestation could take the C equivalent to about 10 per centum to 20 per centum of projected dodo fuel emanations by 2050. Reforestation is the restocking of bing woods and forests which have been depleted, with native tree stock. The term re-afforestation is like afforestation, the procedure of reconstructing and animating countries of forests or forest that one time existed but were deforested or otherwise removed or destroyed at some point in the yesteryear. The ensuing forest can supply both ecosystem and resource benefits and has the possible to go a major C sink. The construct of woods as C sinks has drawn attending about re-afforestation as a possible tool in the battle against planetary clime alteration. Because trees draw CO2 from the ambiance in the procedure of photosynthesis, they can potentially take this extra nursery gas from the ambiance and assist battle planetary heating.ProblemsThe chief consequence is an increasing planetary mean temperature. This causes a assortment of secondary effects, viz. , alterations in forms of precipitation, lifting sea degrees, altered forms of agribusiness, increased utmost conditions events, the enlargement of the scope of tropical diseases, the gap of new trade paths. As northern states warm, disease transporting insects migrate North, conveying pestilence and disease with them. Indeed some scientists believe that in some states, thanks to planetary heating, malaria had non been to the full eradicated. Global heating is already beef uping heat moving ridges. About every portion of the Causes Carbon overload is a consequence of human activities. When worlds burn fossil fuels, C dioxide is released into the ambiance, where it traps heat. One of the first things scientists learned is that there are several nursery gases responsible for warming, and worlds emit them in a assortment of ways. Most come from the burning of fossil fuels in mills and electricity production. The gas responsible for the most warming is carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) . Other subscribers include methane released from landfills and agribusiness, azotic oxide from fertilisers, gases used for industrial procedures, and the loss of woods that would otherwise shop CO2. The atmospheric concentrations of these nursery gases have significantly increased since the beginning of the industrial revolution. This is chiefly due to human activities, such as the combustion of fossil fuels, land usage alteration, and agribusiness. For case, the atmospheric concentration of C dioxide has been turning faster in the last 10 old ages than it has been since the beginning of uninterrupted measurings around 1960.United States will hold significantly more of 100o late this century. The H2O will go warmer and there will be more hurricanes. The polar ice caps are runing at a high rate. The lifting sea degrees will do more inundations. The trees will dry up and cause wildfires. Desertification will take topographic point. There will be increased volcanic activity. Speciess of alien animate beings will acquire wiped out. All our nutrient and H2O supplies will be diminished.

The Avro Arrow - There Never Was essays

The Avro Arrow - There Never Was essays It was supposed to be the biggest, fastest, and most powerful plane that the world, and especially Canada, had ever laid its eyes upon. It was in a class of its own, at least twenty years ahead of any other country technology-wise. It was to be the most technologically advanced supersonic jet fighter in the world, a combination of sheer brain and willpower of 14 000 world-class engineers and technicians. And yet, the Avro Arrow, which gave Canadians a sense of pride bigger than itself, was never meant to be. Formally named the CF-105, the Avro Arrow was a dream denied. The Arrow was built by A.V. Roe Canada to counterattack the air superiority of the Soviet bombers that would presumably carry nuclear warheads over North America. Ironically enough, the day it was unveiled, the public had its eye fixed on the launch of the first Sputnik, a product that would jumpstart the Soviet Unions space race. However, the Arrow didnt stay unnoticed for very long. It was soon the talk of th e town in various parts of the world. Unfortunately, the Avro Arrow didnt last very long. On February 20, 1959, John Diefenbaker, then the Prime Minister of Canada, stood up in the House of Commons and stated, The government of Canada has carefully examined and re-examined the probable need for the Arrow aircraft... The conclusion arrived at is that the development of the aircraft...should be terminated now (Campagna, Palmiro pg.54). This announcement came as a shock to everyone, and suddenly 14 000 very highly qualified engineers were left on the streets. The British, the French and the Americans wasted no time in grabbing these individuals, who later became instrumental in helping the Americans putting a man on the moon, as well as the development of the Anglo-French Concorde. Also, the Diefenbaker government immediately ordered the scrapping of the six existing aircraft and the 34 still in the production stage. Also, all rec...

Silver-Spotted Skipper (Epargyreus clarus)

Silver-Spotted Skipper (Epargyreus clarus) The silver-spotted skipper, Epargyreus clarus, frequents roadsides, fields, and backyard gardens throughout North America. Skippers dash quickly from flower to flower, as if they are skipping around the meadow. What Do Silver-Spotted Skippers Look Like? Chances are youve seen a silver-spotted skipper. With their brown wings and quick movement, they might not be the first butterflies youd stop to observe. Take a closer look, and youll notice bands of orange on the forewings, and a silvery patch in the center of the hindwings. The silver-spotted skipper is the largest skipper in North America, with a wingspan of 1 3/4 - 2 5/8 inches. Silver-spotted skippers have enormous eyes that appear to bulge out from the head. Epargyreus clarus also has short antennae with clubbed ends. The odd-looking caterpillar has an enlarged head capsule and a pronounced neck collar. With a deep rust or black head and two bright red eyespots in the front, the caterpillar appears quite like a cartoon alien from outer space. The larvas body is yellow-green, with thin dark lines running across its width. By some accounts, the silver-spotted skipper lays her eggs on plants near the host plant, but not on the actual host. This requires the newly hatched larva to crawl and locate its food source. Most experts seem to dispute this theory, and argue the butterfly lays directly on the host plant. How Are Silver-Spotted Skippers Classified? Kingdom - AnimaliaPhylum - ArthropodaClass - InsectaOrder - LepidopteraFamily - HesperiidaeGenus - EpargyreusSpecies - Epagyreus clarus What Do Silver-Spotted Skippers Eat? Larvae feed on legumes, especially woody legumes. Black locust is the favorite host plant. Other host plants include honey locust, false indigo, bush clover, and tick-trefoils. Adult silver-spotted skippers nectar on many flowers, but show a clear preference for blue, red, pink, or purple varieties. They rarely visit yellow flowers. The Silver-Spotted SkippersLife Cycle Like all butterflies, the silver-spotted skipper undergoes four stages during its life cycle, a complete metamorphosis. The generations per year vary by region, with southern populations having the most broods. Egg - Green, dome-shaped eggs are laid singly on upper side of leaves.Larva - The caterpillar has a large brown head, with red eyespots at the front. The body is a yellow-green color.Pupa - These skippers overwinter in the chrysalis, hidden in rolled leaf litter.Adult - Adults emerge in spring. Males perch on tall weeds or branches, watching for females. They also patrol for potential mates. Special Adaptations and Defenses ofSilver-Spotted Skippers At night, or when the daytime weather prohibits flight, silver-spotted skippers hang upside down under leaves. Caterpillars build themselves tiny shelters using carefully cut pieces of leaves. As they grow, they abandon their old homes and build larger ones by joining leaves with silk. Where DoSilver-Spotted Skippers Live? Open parks, fields, gardens, and meadows, and where larval food plants are available. In North America, the silver-spotted skipper is common from Mexico to southern Canada, with the exception of the Great Basin region and western Texas. Worldwide reports include sightings in parts of Europe, Asia, and Australia. Sources: Silver-spotted Skipper, Butterflies and Moths of North AmericaSilver-spotted Skipper, Massachusetts Audubon - Butterfly Atlas

Different Aspects of Ecotourism Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Different Aspects of Ecotourism - Case Study Example Different languages are spoken. Municipalities also register an inevitable growth and they have to provide transportable roads lighting the roads, similarly and should be committed to provide amenities of international standard to ecotourism and also for its sustenance. Ecotourism is no more permitted, limited to a particular part of the world. It is exchanged in order to serve the public with the latest technology. The globe is no bigger. Ecotourism represents a single economy. Because of ecotourism there is conspicuous change with the social life industries. One shall meat and come across different rest of different nationals represent at one place. Different sets of different nationals represent diversified cultures, different languages are spoken at one and the same place, and at one and the same time. They come to know each other from a closer proximity. The intimacies develop; relationships pave way for greater understanding. The social pavilion of life is set to rolling. Broader outlook develop into more knowledgeable and understanding environment. There will be a great impact on the urban sociology patterns of life. The world becomes a small place respectively inevitable economical growth, a pleasant knowledge based environment. The world is no bigger, thoughts of seeing the world; the globe on a huge unknown has become so small so much can be felt immensely. T third world, joyous frivolous, sensible, knowledgeable, cultured by urban socialites will cherish. The development may fold big colonies. A lot of big industries and big companies will enter into the market to cater to the needs of the conglomeration. The development shall develop many folds. The economy of the country, government organizations and private sectors will make a rudimental change. Mainly the cities will develop into a small globe with multi faced development in industries and corporate. May be the chief architect of the ecotourism to take enormous pairs to create and design the super structure of the third world. Globalization has its own effects on every aspects of technology. Ecotourism has changed the way urban socialist use to link and express their thoughts. Of course wealth is also acting as a catalyst for the change in the thinking and living of the urban individuals. The new meaning of sociology is slowly changing, to be more precise it is altering the essence of socialist thinking. Considering ecotourism as a development, every development will have its own pros and cons. It has both positive and negative and results on all aspects of human life. The same citizens who use to think and analyze in a modest manner has changed their way of analysis and started comparing with the good and bad. The socialist thinking, which was confined to the small regions on earth, has now crossed the boundaries and reaching out to the world and sharing views they're by bringing like-minded people to think and work with unity. This development is mostly used negatively. For example tourism, this is an ideal example for the developmenet of the globalization. In the developed countries the pollution levels being very less and also due to maintaining the green belt the need for more greener pastures is very less demand and hence eco tourism and its sustenance is not of very high important to the people visiting the places

Hopes and fears for the college Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hopes and fears for the college - Essay Example II. The main purpose of students of going to school is for them to succeed in life and they enter the walls of colleges with the hope that they will be able to step up the ladder of success. a. The first point to be discussed is the hope of building a good foundation, especially regarding school grades. Transition sentence: Gaining good grades is essential because it establishes how professors might perceive students and eventually treat them accordingly. b. Secondly, we will explore the hope of having good experiences with professors. Transition sentence: Ultimately, class performances and relationship with professors will determine how well one socializes not only with classmates but also with schoolmates and other people outside the campus. c. Thirdly, the hope of making good friends will be discussed. Transition sentence: it would be interesting to note what could be the opposite of these positive and encouraging characteristics in students. III. Contrary to the positive outlook about college life mentioned earlier, there are also fears that one must face. a. Students fear failures. Transition sentence: Students fears can go beyond their performances and see people around them as threats, too. b. Students fear they will have strict professors who will make their lives miserable. Transition sentence: It is important to consider how professors relate with students because somehow, this will affect how they will be on their way out of the classroom. c. Students fear that they will not get along well with other people in a whole new world that they are entering. Transition sentence: These develop the many faces of students which eventually define them and their responses to the challenges of college life. IV. Conclusion: Hopes are wonderful and necessary but equally important is the presence of fear which, initially may be seen as negative, when balanced with the hopes a person has, there comes a union which propels college students to reach their dreams. Colle ge education is very important nowadays and so it has become the dream of almost every hopeful individual. Many people believe in the anti-apartheid revolutionary, Nelson Mandela who said that â€Å"Education is the most powerful weapon you can use to change the world†. Only a few may become famous in the challenge to change the world on a large scale however, transforming a life can be assured through education and one reformed life is less one miserable life in this world that ultimately changes the world. As such, many hope and dream to go to college and get a better life. Pursuing college education brings about hopes of young people that their dreams will come true however this is also coupled by the fears of what is beyond their imaginations and expectation. This writing will explore the common hopes and fears of college students and where these could possibly lead them in their endeavor. As one enjoys reading, it is the hope of this writer that readers will be illuminat ed about the optimism and terror that college students face. The main purpose of students going to school is for them to succeed in life and they enter the walls of colleges with the hope that they will be able to step up the ladder of success. Firstly, students hope to get good grades because this surely will help them build a good foundation for

Starving For The Gold-Coursework Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Starving For The Gold- - Coursework Example to educate people to the problems women athletes face in hopes that with more people being more knowledgeable on the topic, hopefully changes can be made. The basic cause of the problem, as Robinson states it, is that the coaches of female athletes pressure them to be as thin as possible. For instance, Robinson mentions how one female athlete she talked to said that her coach â€Å"held contests to see who could leave the most food uneaten on her plate at training camp† (yr). This obviously is going to have a negative effect on female athletes, especially when considering that females are pressured into being as thin as possible in society as it is. Another practice mentioned is that female athletes will have their body fat calculated and then compared with the other athletes; the idea is to encourage all of the female athletes to be as skinny as possible. Another female athlete, speaking from her experience with athletic amenorrhea, which is the cessation of the menstrual cycle due to extremely low body-fat composition, stated that â€Å"Pressure was always felt to be lean, and considerable emphasis was placed on being beneat h 12 percent body fat composition. It seemed that the primary goal was to maintain a low-body fat composition† (yr). Overall, as opposed to training female athletes to be fit, they are being trained to be as skinny as possible. This encouraging to be overly thin is giving these athletes eating disorders, but this is not the main motivation behind these practices as Robinson states. The main reason that these sort of practices can be gotten away with is because there is a perceived male-domination in sports. When one views the kind of changes that the coaches are encouraging their female athletes to make, Robinson states that it is not difficult to see that they are trying to make their female athletes resemble their male athletes. This practice Robinson traces back to the 70’s, and in particular the athlete Olga Korbet, as the

Reflective Report On Experiences Working As A Midwife

Reflective Report On Experiences Working As A Midwife While I was on my first placement in semester one as a student midwife, I met many pregnant women, both within the community and in the hospital with different cultural backgrounds. For this essay which is a reflective essay, I have chosen to write about a pregnant lady and, in order to protect her confidentiality, according to the Nursing and Midwiferys Code of Conduct (NMC 2008), I will refer to her as Zara. In this reflection, I am going to use Gibbs (1988) reflective cycle. This encourages a clear description of the situation, analysis of feelings, evaluation of the experience, and analysis to make sense of the experience and an action plan to examine what to be done if the situation arose again. Description of the event: My placement at the time was on the midwifery led unit in the hospital of my Trust, and on the day in question, I was on an early shift and, when I arrived, my mentor and I went in to Zaras room and introduced ourselves. Zara was in pain and her husband was also present in the room. My mentor tried to placate her down by talking to her but, because Zara did not understand English, she looked more worried and was looking at her husband to explain it to her. Her husband did not understand much either so my mentor suggested a translator but they refused it. We took her notes away, went in to the office and read through them so that we could plan her care according to her needs. Zara was in her early thirties and unemployed. This was her twelfth pregnancy, she has had six miscarriages, two stillbirths and three live children. All of her births were done by caesarean section including this one .This was because Zara was unable to give birth naturally due to her being a victim of female ge nital mutilation (FGM). They were also requesting female only care providers and doctors due to them being Muslims. Zara had also not attended many of her antenatal appointments because according to Currer (1991) antenatal care among Muslim mothers was not seeing important they view pregnancy as a normal condition. Prior taking Zara into the theatre to have her caesarean, my mentor explained the procedure to the husband and he translated to the wife. They signed all the relevant papers but Zara looked worried. I could tell they did not understand everything but to my surprise, they did not ask any questions, but they did not want a translator. After a while the anaesthetist came to give Zara the epidural, and it was a male. As soon as Zaras husband saw that, he placed his hand on Zaras shoulder and did not want it to let go. The staff was becoming very annoyed and frustrated because they kept telling him do not put your hand there, the procedure of the epidural has to be 100% sterile but he did not understand that. I stepped in because I still remembered when I had to learn English and I knew the word choice was difficult for them and it has to be relevant to their knowledge of English. I said to Zaras husband no hand, bacteria, no good for Zara and I was also demonstrated it with my hands and face. He understood and said ok but I could still see that he was not comfortable. Finally the anaesthetist got the epidural in and we took Zara to theatre to deliver her baby along with her husband. When arriving to theatre, I tried to catheterise Zara but could not do it due to her genital area being completely sawn up, so the doctor had to intervene. Zaras husband was standing by her legs and the staff tried to move him to top of the bed but said that he wanted to see what we were doing to Zara and that he was going to stay there. After a long discussion and explanations, he finally moved. Zara and baby were being monitored and by this time the babys heart was not picking up and we had to act fast. The doctor then cut Zaras abdominal to deliver the baby but meconium was gushing out instead. I run to call the paediatrician. The baby was floppy and there were no sign of life. Zara was asking why the baby was not crying and the husband looked very worried. Reassured them and explain ed that, when babies are born in meconium, they will need extra care and attention. The baby was now on the resuscitaire and the doctors was doing all they could to take out the meconium from the babys mouth and nose, and rubbing the baby to promote. After a little while, the baby started to cry and we all let a relieved breath out. I took the baby and showed it to the parents and explained that the baby had to go to special care unit to ensure that everything was fine. Zara was doing well, and after a couple hours we transferred her and her husband to the postnatal ward. Feelings: In this paragraph, I will discuss my feelings and thinking surrounding Zaras situation and the care she received from the medical staff. I empathized with Zara and her husband because they could not speak English, Zara endured many pregnancies and which of some had ended up in miscarriages and stillbirths and was naturally worried about the wellbeing of this baby. Because of Zaras and her husbands limited English and their cultural background, caring for them was more difficult and the medical staff was getting very impatient and irritated with them. I knew I could help both the staff and Zara and her husband. I tried to build up a good relationship with them by doing a proper introduction of myself, where I was from and to try to put them at ease. I still remember how difficult it was being in a new country with different cultures. My first attempt was to ask if necessary, whether it will be acceptable if the doctor were male and I explained the procedure in a way they could underst and, I was acting as an intermediary between them and the medical staff throughout. I did not speak their language but because I was explaining as simply as possible, they became very comfortable with me and trusted me. I really felt useful and helpful as they responded to me as I put myself in their shoes and remembered how it was when I was new in this country. According to Wold (2004) the empathetic listening is in relation to the willingness to know the other individual not just judging the persons statement. I then stood by Zaras bed and when needed, I used some facial expressions and hand gestures which could be translated to if she were still feeling pain in her tummy and if felt sensation in her legs. I was also using simple words. She looked at me and smiled and point where she could still feel. I was unsure whether to continue or not because I felt the medical staff might think I was not being professional, but according to Funnell et al, (2005) body gestures and facial ex pressions are referred as a non-verbal communicating. So I continued because I knew that would help Zaras family. The language and cultural barrier affected the care Zara was receiving because the staff was not communicating with them and did not appreciate that good explanation were essential for this family with their particular circumstances of limited English and understanding. During the procedure, I stayed by Zara and kept my eye contact with her because according to Wilma (1999) direct eye contact could express a sense of interest in the other person. Zara was holding my hands and I was updating her whenever she was asking for it. Evaluation: I feel I made the right decision to accompany Zara. Furthermore, I could develop my caring role for clients by understanding that they all will have different needs and will require different care. I think my approach with Zara and her husband was a good approach. The staff and Zara did benefit from my effort. It was also my responsibility to care for her so that she was getting the best care and understood what was done to her. I was able to improve my non-verbal communication skills in my conversation with Zara and her husband during my time with them and I know they were now getting the necessary information that they wanted and needed in this challenging situation. According to OHagan (2001) issues such as cultural diversity, cultural sensitivity and cultural competence had no place in the training of care professionals. To enable this vision to be implemented, it is significant that health care professionals have the adequate educational preparation to provide culturally sensitive care to those who have a diversity of health beliefs and practices (Aziz et al. 2000). Promoting cultural awareness among health care professionals is believed to improve their confidence and skills in providing holistic care for patients with different cultural backgrounds Also, culturally sensitive attitudes and practices, rather than simple knowledge, are likely to contribute much toward achieving the ultimate goal of providing quality care to the patients and their families. (Murphy Clark, 1993, cited Zafir 2002). There are many implications that should be well thought-out when caring for Muslim patients. All procedures, decisions and judgments must to be family orientated and culturally derived. Religious and cultural frameworks give the most complete and holistic perspective for caring and understanding the patient population of Muslim denomination. Practices need to take into account the care constructs of presence, participation and support. In addition, the policies and philosophies of the hospitals and other institutions needs to reflect the cultural practices related the specific care, communication and spirituality. Also, where language is a problem, it is important to have access to interpreters in order to provide culturally competent care for Muslims. Secondly, there are differences in the cultural and psychosocial forms of expression of the Muslim patients and their families and those of the caress. The process of reflection and clinical supervision could assist care givers in identifying their own cultural barriers, stereotyping, and ethnocentricity, thus, ultimately impr oving care. Finally, the management should continually assess whether the staff have the appropriate knowledge and skills to handle the particular ethical situations involved in caring for the patient and his/her family of Muslim denomination and, with the aim of reducing emotional labour, provide a mechanism, which would assist the staff in becoming more competent. Halligan (2005) Zara was also a victim of FGM which is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO 2006) as procedures that involve partial or total removal of the female external genitalia and or injury to the female genital organs for cultural or any other non-therapeutic reasons. Zara had Type IV which includes pricking, incising or piercing of the external genitalia, stretching of the clitoris and or labia, cauterization by burning of the clitoris and surrounding tissue or any other procedure that is performed to cause vaginal narrowing or tightening, and this was why she could not give birth naturally. According to the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE 2008) guidelines suggest that women who have experienced FGM should be identified early in the antenatal period through sensitive enquiry. I read through Zaras note but it was not recorded that she was a victim of FGM and the special care that she needed was not given. Analysis: My communication skills were very important when I was providing care for Zara. I noticed that my non-verbal communication skills helped enormously while caring for Zara. She could understand a few words when I was asking her questions but the lack of language hindered good communication. As the patient was not using her first or second language, I tried to communicate in a way she could understand. I still could manage to communicate in a way the other staff members could not because they had not the knowledge how to communicate with someone that does not speak English. White (2005) recommended that a care provider should learn a few words or phrases in the predominant second language to put a patient at ease for better understanding. Although, it was quite difficult to demonstrate certain things, Zara managed to understand and she was answering me by nodding her head when she was understood and also by her body gestures and her eye movement. Zaras husband was also asking me questio ns that I had to make the staff aware of According to Zafir et al (2000), Muslim patients should have a healthcare provider of the same sex. Exposure of the patients body parts should be limited to the minimum necessary, and permission should be asked before gently uncovering any part of the body. Even more care should be taken when exposing private parts, and attempts should be made to avoid such exposures unless absolutely nec ­essary. Zaras husband did ask for a female doctor but his request was declined because the ward was very busy and it was not possible. I think if this had been included her birth plan, it would have been arranged for them Zara and her husband may have felt discriminated .If communication is a problem for one or both parties in an exchange, they will have an interest in improving it In Zaras case, the lack of time, did not permitted this. Discrimination is usually due to miscommunication however this should be lower in hospitals especially when the relationship between the medical staff and patien ts has been sustained for a longer period. Furthermore, the gap will be even more difficult to bridge since learning and communication are can be more costly for the hospital such as when providing a translator. Balsa et al (2003) Conclusion: Writing this reflection has made me aware of my approach to car for clients who have language difficulties and have a different cultural background. Zara needed a lot of support and personalised care. It was vital to deliver this baby in a good condition due to her previous stillbirths and also, it was important to recognise that Zara and her husband came form a different culture and their values and belief were different to us. The beliefs and practices of Islamic patients may have an effect on the patients health care in ways that are not apparent to many health-care professionals and policy makers internationally. Intercultural misconceptions and misunderstandings of many healthcare professionals have potential consequences. Therefore, health-care professionals need to be better equipped to meet the needs of their patients and Interpreter should always be available when knowing the patient does not understand. Halligan (2005). Action Plan: My plan for my future role as a midwife, if I ever come across a client like Zara who was not speaking English, had dramatic birth experience and had different cultural background, I would know how to deal with it. I would prepare my self better, I would try to learn some word in her language and doing some reading regarding her culture and write down her expectations. I know that communication is a very important part to build up a good relationship. According to Payne (2007) communication and information provision play key roles in determining whether people engage in recommended health behaviors and whether the behaviors have a positive outcome. Health communicators may want to achieve any of a number of goals, including providing information, instruction or reassurance, influencing opinions and attitudes, and changing behavior. So an excellent communication is necessary in order to identify the patients wellbeing. I should not pre-judge my client by first assumption and impressio ns but I have to make her feel appreciated as an individual. I have also learned the importance of listening because when I was listening to Zara, I was watching her gestures as the same time, even though I did not understand when she was talking, I could read her gestures. I should also able to respect their basic principles, beliefs, culture and individual means of communication. In conclusion: I have used Gibbs (1998) Reflective Cycle as my support for this essay and I was able to discuss every stage in the Gibbs (1998) Reflective Cycle. REFRENCES: Ana I. Balsa a, Thomas G. McGuireb. (2003). Prejudice, clinical uncertainty and stereotyping. Journal of Health Economics. 22, 89-116. Aziz S. Abdul R. G. (2000). Caring for Muslim Patients. Radcliffe Medical Press Limited, Oxford. Currer, C (1991). Understanding the mothers viewpoint. Buckingham, Open University Press. Funnel, R Koutoukidis, G and Lawrence, K (2005) Tabbners Nursing Care 4E: Theory Practice, Australia: Churchill Livingstone. Gibbs G. (1988). Learning by Doing: A Guide to Teaching and Learning Methods. Oxford Further Education Unit, Oxford Polytechnic. Halligan, Phil, (July 2005) Caring for patients of Islamic denomination School of Nursing Midwifery and Health Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE, August, 2008) FGM, F Nursing Midwifery Council (2008) the Code: Standards of Conduct, Performance and Ethics for Nurses and Midwives OHagan, Kieran. (2001). Cultural competence in the caring professions. London: Jessica Kingsley Publisher Payne, S (2007) Psychology for Nurses and the Caring Professions 3rd Ed. McGraw-Hill White, L (2005) Foundation of Basic Nursing 2nd ed. USA: Thomson Delmar Learning. Wilma M.C.M. Kerkstra, Ada Bensing, Jozien M, Caris-Verhallen. (1999) Non-verbal behavior in nurse-elderly patient communication. Journal of Advanced Nursing 29(4), 808-818 Wold, G.H. (2005) Foundation of Basic Nursing. 3rd ed. USA: Mosby. World Health organization ( WHO2006) New study shows female genital mutilation exposes women and babies to significant risk at childbirth, Published in The Lancet Zafir al-Shahri. (2002). Culturally Sensitive Caring, Journal of Transcultural Nursing. 13, 133.